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Mining in Cornwall and Devon
Mining in Cornwall and Devon in the south west of England began in the early Bronze Age approximately 2150 BC and ended with the closure of South Crofty tin mine in Cornwall in 1998. Tin and later also copper were the most productive of the metals extracted: some tin mining continued long after mining of other metals had become unprofitable.
Historically extensive tin and copper mining has occurred in Cornwall and Devon, as well as arsenic, silver, zinc and a few other metals. there are no active metalliferous mines remaining. However, tin deposits still exist in Cornwall, and there is talk of reopening South Crofty tin mine. Furthermore, work has commenced to re-open the Hemerdon tungsten and tin mine in south-west Devon.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Work starts at multi-million pound Plymouth mine )〕 Geological studies were made worthwhile due to the economic importance of mines and quarries: about forty distinct minerals have been identified from type localities in Cornwall, e.g. endellionite from St Endellion. Quarrying of the igneous and metamorphic rocks has also been a significant industry: in recent times the extraction of kaolin has been the most important economically.
==Geology==
The intrusion of the granite into the surrounding sedimentary rocks〔Henley, S. (1976) ''Rediscovery of a Granite Dyke at Perranporth, Cornwall'', Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, XX(4), pp. 286–299〕 gave rise to extensive metamorphism and mineralisation,〔Durrance, E. M. (al. ) (1982) ''Hydrothermal Circulation and Post-magmatic Changes in Granites of South-west England'', Proceedings of the Ussher Society, 5(3), pp. 304–320〕 and this led to Cornwall being one of the most important mining areas in Europe until the early 20th century. It is thought that tin ore (cassiterite) was exploited in Cornwall as early as the Bronze Age. Over the years, many other metals such as copper, lead, zinc and silver have all been mined in Cornwall.〔Barton, D. B. (1963) ''A Guide to the Mines of West Cornwall''. Truro: D. Bradford Barton, 52 pp.〕
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